Sir Francis Drake was a leading privateer and responsible for leading several expeditions into the New World in the late 1560s and 1570s. Tudor Rebellions: Causes & Timeline - Video & Lesson Transcript - Study.com However, the Catholic Church bans divorce which presented a problem for Henry as he could not legally get rid of Catherine. The treaty essentially allowed Elizabeth to focus on developing events in the Netherlands and not worry about protecting her northern border. Learning of the Spanish plans to build an Armada and invade England, Drakes mission was to try and stop this. In 1581, Protestant rebels in the Netherlands declared independence from Spain and established a Dutch republic. The Catholic threat Many Catholics in England were not happy with Elizabeth's Settlement. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - conclusion. Apply for student finance without a bank account? Henry believed that Elizabeth wanted France to go to war with Spain while England looked on and would benefit from the probable weakening of both. "The Scarlet Ibis" would be a different story if it were told from Doodle's point of view. In Europe, the 1570s saw some of the worst atrocities of the protracted fall-out of the Reformation. Challenges To Elizabeth At Home And Abroad - Learndojo.org Even though a truce was decided, there was still a constant threat from the Scots and French to the English security . Cleopatra, Queen Victoria and many more. Elizabeth I and France - History Learning Site Register for free, Home / This pleased those eager for her to marry, but made many unhappy because they did not want her to marry a French Catholic. 214 High Street, PDF Paper 2: Early Elizabethan England 1558-88 - Oasis Academy South Bank The most important reason why Mary was a threat to Elizabeth's reign was the fact that Mary was Catholic. Moreover, the brazenness of these revolts was further helped by the blessing of the Pope, whose directives on recusancy and overthrowing Elizabeth were obeyed by many Catholics both domestically and internationally. The conspirators including Babington were all. 1. Crucially, when the Spanish ships docked in English ports, the gold was seized by Elizabeth. The rest of the Spanish fleet was forced to sail away from the French coast and into the North Sea with the English fleet on their trail. The Student Room and The Uni Guide are both part of The Student Room Group. The execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, finally removed the on-going threat at home from Catholics who wanted to replace Elizabeth with her. Norfolk was also expected to marry Mary. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Elizabeth I (r.1558-1603) | The Royal Family Boston House, Instead, Drakes plan was to attack the port of Cadiz, which wasnt as well defended. Oct 12, 2019 83 Dislike Podpast 106 subscribers Recap and review of the problems Elizabeth faced when she became Queen in 1558. Foreign Policy 1553 to 1558 - History Learning Site More significantly, she was worried she would have to adopt a secondary role in the running of her country, as the period was very patriarchal. There are 4 main exam boards used in the UK. Sir Francis Drake and the raid on Cadiz: `Singeing the King of Spains beard. It was the only major threat to Henry's security as monarch. The English navy attempted some minor raids but they were largely ineffective as only 2 Spanish ships were lost, and these were by accident. After his death, his two sons Harold and Hardicanute took over the throne in succession. Elizabeth's parents, Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. 214 High Street, LS23 6AD Over 100,000 of this was owed to the Antwerp Exchange who charged an interest rate of 14%. She was then third in line behind her Roman Catholic half-sister, Princess Mary. Describe two features of Mary Queen of Scots' threat to Elizabeth I. The plots involved European conspirators and were supported by France, Spain and even the Pope. Elizabeth made England protestant, which caused tension with the rest of Europe as they were heavily catholic (such as Spain and France). LS23 6AD For two weeks of the second half of November, Catholic mass was heard at Durham Cathedral too (with all evidence of Protestantism destroyed). King Phillip had been preparing for an attack on England since 1585 and Marys execution made the situation worse with him even more determined to invade England. W ith the first female vice president taking office in the US, and female leaders around the world excelling despite a global crisis, it's hard to imagine why women have been wildly underrepresented in leadership for so long. There are 4 main exam boards which are AQA, Edexcel (Pearson), OCR and How To Revise For GCSE Psychology The ultimate step-by-step guide for students, teachers and private students. Company Reg no: 04489574. Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. The plots to overthrow Elizabeth failed for a number of reasons such as: Elizabeth was actually popular which meant those conspiring to overthrow her lacked public support. He chose to sail around Scotland and Ireland which presented a dangerous route which the Spanish sailors were unfamiliar with. However, she was fearful of the presence of Spain in the Netherlands, who were busy putting down the Dutch Revolt from 1566 under the command of the Duke of Alba. 2) This war was not a success. Doodle's Point of View Elizabeth wasnt able to publically acknowledge his achievements and when the Spanish Armada attempted to invade England in 1588, he was the vice-admiral in command of the English fleet that helped successfully defend the attack. This meant that Elizabeth was declared illegitimate as her claim to the throne comes through the marriage of Anne to Henry. At the beginning of her reign, an obvious candidate for Elizabeth to marry was her half sister's widow, Phillip of Spain. Elizabeth's legitimacy was one of many problems that Elizabeth faced when she became Queen in 1558. They believed privy council members such as William Cecil had become too powerful and instead wanted to remove those they deemed evil and replace them with councillors more sympathetic to their causes. When Elizabeth's reign began in 1558 England was in the middle of a 'mid-Tudor crisis'. During this journey, they encountered several powerful Atlantic storms and this resulted in many ships sinking or being wrecked on the Scottish and Irish coasts. Here is an example answer to the following 16-mark question on the problem posed to Elizabeth I upon her accession arising from the question of legitimacy. Many of the rebel troops deserted while the two Earls fled to Scotland. The threat of France to Elizabeth's rule - BBC Bitesize Marys presence in England posed an on-going threat as she had a strong claim to the throne herself. Spain did not control a deep water port where the Armada could anchor safely and this left them extremely vulnerable to an attack while it waited for Parmas troops to escape the Dutch blockade. Company Reg no: 04489574. 1558 -french threat. Another being the English sympathy to the protestant rebels on the Netherlands. James also pledged to help Elizabeth if invaded. Elizabeth mock: "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main - Quizlet Elizabeth I Skilful In Her Response To Threats History Essay Anthony Babington, an English Catholic, wrote to Mary about the plot. Also, the activities of English pirates', who looted Spanish ships, caused problems between Spain and England. The harsh weather conditions made it impossible for the Spanish fleet to return to the Channel after the battle of Gravelines. As Catholics do not believe in divorce it means that the marriage between Henry and Catherine was never dissolved, and therefore, the marriage with Anne never happened, and as a result of this Elizabeth was an illegitimate child and had no right to the throne of England. Elizabeth's Accession and Her Legitimacy (GCSE Example Answer - Tutor2u The problems arose as she ruled an isolated protestant kingdom surrounded by catholic superpowers. Use your outline - Significant political threat as her legitimacy and gender led to people not accepting her as queen. However this union was appalling because he was Catholic was married to the previous queen, and a foreigner. Why was France a threat? Upon his arrival, he accepted the position of Governor-General which proved to be a big mistake as it suggested that Elizabeth had taken control of the Netherlands. Official Oxford 2023 Postgraduate Applicants Thread. his early wars against France and his championing of Catholic orthodoxy against the teachings of Martin Luther. Pick a key scene from the story and tell it from the third-person limited point of view, through Doodle's senses and feelings. Henry himself gave people cause . Describe two features of the Rebellion of the Norther earls 1559 7. Importantly too, Elizabeths fear of the Auld Alliance was heightened by the fact that the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots, had declared herself the legitimate Queen of England (owing to the fact that she was Elizabeths second cousin and the granddaughter of Henry VIIIs sister Margaret) and she had the support of many English Catholics. However, Elizabeth was fearful that a foreign husband would have not put the needs of England first. Their union had brought peace between Spain and England, and Elizabeth's Privy Council hoped to maintain this. They began to revolt against the Spanish. Edward was succeeded by Mary, who in turn ruled for five years until her death in 1558. 1560 - death of francis II, Mary returns to scotland as queen. Problems faced by Elizabeth I in 1558 - YouTube Student / Importantly though, the arrival of Mary Queen of Scots in England did more to embolden the threat of Catholicism. Tudor Brief Essay Plans Flashcards | Quizlet 1) In 1557, Mary I took England to war with France to support her husband who was already fighting the French. The Northern Earls were unhappy and rebelled for several reasons: The Revolt of the Northern Earls was arguably the most serious rebellion during Elizabeths reign and presented a threat for a number of reasons: During the 1570s and 1580s, there were several plots by Catholics to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots. Abroad, however, was another matter as Marys execution inflamed Catholic opposition and increased the threat of foreign invasion. The rebellion involved a force of approximately 5500 men and, for approximately a month, the north of England (from Alnwick to Pontefract, east of the Pennines) was in the control of the northern earls. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. The Act of Supremacy The queen's reassertion of control over religious matters was achieved via the April 1559 CE Act of Supremacy, once more closing the door on the Pope. Elizabeth I - Accession | Britannica In April 1587, Drake sailed to Cadiz and began attacking the anchored ships there. Queen Elizabeth showed no mercy to the rebels and the Earl of Northumberland along with 400 rebel troops were executed while the Earl of Westmorland fled abroad. 14-16 / William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, Burghley also spelled Burleigh, also called (1551-71) Sir William Cecil, (born Sept. 13, 1520, Bourne, Lincolnshire, Eng.died Aug. 5, 1598, London), principal adviser to England's Queen Elizabeth I through most of her reign. he could also overthrow her. The threat of invasion was Elizabeth's main problem when she became Elizabeth and Philipthese two powerful peoplewould begin their relationship peacefully, even warmly, but they would become enemies, facing off in a battle of empires and faiths that would .